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61.
热泵蒸馏应用于橡胶助剂废水预处理的研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
橡胶助剂废水属于难处理的工业废水,尤其是CBS(N-环己基-2-苯并噻唑次磺酰胺,英文名N-cyclohexy1-2-benzoth-iazole sulfonamide,简称Accelerator CBS)生产废水的COD达40000mg/L,并且含有杂环类有害化合物,难降解,难生化。经过絮凝沉淀、化学氧化、电化学法、吸附法等实验方法,处理效果都不是十分理想。采用热泵蒸馏技术对橡胶促进剂CBS的废水进行预处理实验,可使CBS废水的COD从40000mg/L降至1600mg/L,结果表明,该技术设备简单,投资少,操作方便,运行成本低,并能达到较理想的预处理效果。 相似文献
62.
Robert R. Lansford Shaul Ben-David Fred Roach Bobby J. Creel Thomas H. Stevens Raymond J. Supalla Lynn Gelhar William D. Gorman Richard W. Mead Donald B. Wilson 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1979,15(6):1589-1601
ABSTRACT: The economic feasibility of a large scale dual purpose (desalting water and power production) facility were evaluated. Although a site in the Tularosa basin of southern New Mexico was chosen as a case study for this analysis, it is believed that the approach and consequential results would be applicable to alternative sites in the Southwest. The basic project evaluated included: a) a ground water well field; b) a dual purpose, nuclear, desalination plant; c) a mineral recovery plant; and d) a reservoir for recreation and irrigation storage. Principle project outputs included electrical power, minerals, recreation, and water for either irrigated agricultural production or export to an adjoining river basin. Two alternative project designs were developed for detailed analysis. The first alternative encompassed all major project components. The results, in discounted net values used to assess the feasibility of the project, were essentially negative; that is, values were less than zero for full scale development. The net benefits ranged from $-986.57 million at a 5 percent discount rate, to $-1,137.528 million at a discount rate of 10 percent. In the second alternative, exportation of the desalted water from the Tularosa basin to two adjacent rivers was analyzed with somewhat better net benefits, ranging from $-382,527 million to $-478,612 million at the 5 and 10 percent discount rates. 相似文献
63.
Elwyn S. Krous Joseph P. Wagner Harold L. Parkinson Milton S. Sachs 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1971,7(4):810-822
ABSTRACT .A case study was performed to evaluate potential applications of desalted saline water for agriculture using 2 distillation type processes and 2 membrane type processes. The investigation determined the costs and benefits associated with desalting saline water at concentrations of 1,500, 900, 400, 200, and 50 ppm. Benefits from desalting are generated by shifts to more profitable crops, reduced costs for drainage, and reduction in fertilizer and labor requirements with better quality water. Costs are based on the project features such as desalting plants, raw water diversion facilities, storage reservoirs, conveyance and distribution systems, brine disposal, blending facilities, and gypsum addition systems. Hydrologic studies determined the crop irrigation requirements, water demand schedules, desalted water storage requirements, brine disposal requirements, and size of facilities required. Reconnaissance design layouts were made for producing desalted water using a combination of 14 schemes. The study also included a review of irrigation practices. The benefit-cost ratios range from 0.4 to 1.0 for 1,500 ppm irrigation water to 0.8 to 1.0 for 50 and 200 ppm water. Investment costs per acre are high, ranging from $12,900 to $20,900. Irrigation benefits are based on the increase in production from a desert condition with no water supply to the irrigation conditions studied. 相似文献
64.
Peter N. Lodal Jonathan L. Mahanes John M. Calvert Joseph M. Keel 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》1995,8(6):331-341
Conventional vacuum relief methodologies are usually protective responses; that is, they accomplish their purpose by substitution of an inert gas (usually nitrogen) for the process gases removed by an external vacuum source, or for condensable vapour collapsed by an internal process mechanism (e.g. condensation). While this approach is theoretically possible for all potential vacuum scenarios, it becomes practically impossible to implement for installations where a rapid phase change can impart near-instantaneous system pressure reductions. The procedure outlined in this paper takes a preventive approach: eliminate the source of vacuum generation before the safe lower system pressure limit is reached. For distillation and other refluxing systems, this vacuum source is usually the main overhead condenser, which is designed to collapse large volumes of condensable vapour. To eliminate the vacuum source requires elimination of the system's ability to rapidly condense vapour. This goal is accomplished by introduction of inert gas directly into the condensing system to ‘blanket’ the heat transfer surface and stop condensation. The procedure determines the rate, amount and location for introduction of inert gas. The required design data include: (i) system starting pressure, (ii) maximum allowable system vacuum, (iii) volume of the condensing system, and (iv) normal system condensing rate. By determining the rate at which the condenser removes vapour volume from the system, and designing an inert gas delivery system to meet or exceed this rate, the vacuum generation potential of the system is effectively eliminated using a much smaller quantity of inert gas than with the more traditional volume substitution methods. 相似文献
65.
从水溶液中分离回收醋酸方法的评述 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
评述了从水溶液中分离回收醋酸的普通精馏法、共沸精馏法、酯化法和溶剂萃取法,具体分析了各种方法 特点及适用范围。建议在工业上对较高浓度的醋酸用低沸点溶剂萃取-共沸精馏联合法,对低浓度醋酸溶液采用有机胺溶剂萃取法进行分离。 相似文献
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68.
含硫污水双塔汽提技术 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
论述的双塔汽提处理炼厂酸性水技术,是我国自行开发的处理炼厂酸性水的典型工艺。概述了该技术的特点及十五年来在生产实践中不断改进的措施,比较全面地反映了目前国内的技术水平。 相似文献
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